Conversations with a Neuron, Volume 4
[-] Preface
Test
[+] Neuroanatomy
A PHENOMenal Study Unravels the Mysteries of Schizophrenia
A new study across three countries reveals two distinct subtypes of schizophrenia may exist. Only time can tell how this will affect future treatment protocols!
Dead Men Tell No Tales…Or Do They?
New research utilizing staining of postmortem brain tissue results in 3D cellular architecture maps of thalamic nuclei
Introduction of Exosomes Proves to Prompt Myelin Regeneration
Regeneration of the peripheral nervous system’s myelin sheaths proves to be a possibility in the near future, promoting the start of a potential cure for neurodegenerative diseases.
Pf-STN Brain Pathway: a Potential New Target for Parkinson’s Treatment
Scientists Figure Out How to Restore Mobility to Paralysis Patients in as Little as One Day
A group of scientists have figured out how to help people with spinal cord injury walk after experiencing complete paralysis, and here’s how they did it.
Smoking Addiction and The Dorsal Striatum
The link between light and mood-related disorders
A new study sheds light on the underlying mechanisms of how light can affect mood-related behavior within a population of mice.
Use it or Lose It: How Bilingualism May Help Prevent Cognitive Decline
[+] Neurophysiology
Alcohol Has Opposing Effects on the Brains of Men and Women
A recent study found male and female rats experience opposing modifications to the activity of their inhibition nerve cells after alcohol use.
Are We Excited Yet? The Autistic Brain May Experience Heightened Excitation Due to Fewer Chandelier Cells
A new study from UC Davis suggests that autistic traits may be partially due to decreased numbers of silencing cells
Astrocyte Receptors and Sleep Regulation
A new study reveals that sleep is regulated by more than just neurons.
Brain Cells Die So You Can See
This study shows that a specific type of brain cells die during vision development so people can have properly functioning binocular vision.
Hyperexcitability of PV interneurons’ effects on memory and learning in AD
In a recent study, hippocampal inhibitory parvalbumin (PV) interneurons were investigated in relation to neuron network dysfunction and memory impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This research suggests early treatment innervation is sufficient to prevent early amyloid-beta-induced hyperexcitability of interneurons, leading to spared memory deficiency in mice models expressing build-up amyloid deposits (APP/PS1 mice). Additionally, this study mentions early intervening treatment results in long-term memory improvement, increased hippocampal network activity, reduced amyloid plaque deposition, and delayed AD progression. This study investigates a novel approach in AD research by looking at the effects of inhibitory network dysfunction in AD pathogenesis allowing for a more diverse research study of AD increasing the possibility of effective therapeutics (Hijazi et al., 2020).
Mini-Brains and Autism: Autism Risk Gene Mutation Leads to Changes in the Cerebellum
A new study finds that removing a single gene associated with autism leads to reduced “mini-brain” size and behavioral impairments.
Neurons are Not Made Equal: Potential Seizure Treatment for Children?
The study determined that not all neurons are created equal and that some neurons are more active compared to others.
New genetically modified mouse model for Parkinson’s disease
A new study shows that a new type of genetically modified mouse could open up new therapies for Parkinson’s disease
Our Brains Stay Young by using Cruise Control
Study shows that calcium channels can make our brain more excitable by turning on cruise control and accelerating like a car on the freeway
Protect Your Brain from Stress
Study shows being stressed in childhood hijacks your brain and makes you even more stressed in adulthood.
Reward and Aversion, the Two Not so Separate Pathways
Previously it was thought that the brain had separate reward and aversion pathways, but a recent study suggests that reward and aversion might be encoded by both pathways.
The Impact of Optogenetics on Neurodegenerative Diseases
A new study shows that astrocytes expressing Opto-α1AR may potentially be able to normalize neurons communicating with a target cell across a synapse in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.
The Master Adapter to any Environment: How Special Types of Neurons in the Hippocampus of the Brain will Change Their Physiology to Maintain Stable Excitability.
The article, Homeostatic regulation of axonal Kv1.1 channels accounts for both synaptic and intrinsic modifications in the hippocampal CA3 circuit, describes how CA3 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus of the brain will regulate their own excitability levels. This is accomplished by decreasing the number of potassium channels on the neuron’s axon initial segment, which are responsible for lowered excitation level of the cell.
The Relationship Between Procedural Memory and Purkinje Cells
A new study shows that a protein, known as SHISA6, plays an essential role in the formation of procedural memory for vestibulo-ocular reflex and eye movement conditioning.
The Synaptic Stability is Strong with This One
A recently published study shows that specific inhibitory cells have a strong and stable connection to cells associated with higher thought.
Therapeutic Potential to Treat Neuropsychiatric and Neurodevelopment Disorders (NDDs)
A 2019 study focuses on cortical circuits to help researchers better examine the therapeutic potential to treat neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in drug-resistant epilepsy patients.
Too Close for Comfort
New functional role of cerebellar stellate cells has been revealed as researchers have found new ways to isolate them from their microcircuit.
[+] Neuroscience In Review
Aminoglycoside and Cisplatin Induced Ototoxicity
Detecting Alzheimer’s Disease through Ocular Imagining
Did I Forget to Breathe? A Literature Review on how Breathing Affects our Memories
Exercise Mediates Effects Upon Opioid Dependence and Withdrawal
Interplay between antidepressants and the gut microbiome
Microglial cell activity in dendritic pruning and autism spectrum disorder
More Than Neurons: Astrocytes and Their Relationship with Sleep
Reducing Inflammation by Targeting Lymphocyte Expression in Relapse Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Regulation of Gut Dysbiosis and Its Potential Effects on Neurodegenerative Diseases
Sensory Overresponsivity: Emotional Processing Dysfunction or Sensory Processing Overload
The Effectiveness of Psychedelics to Treat PTSD
The Roles of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Presbycusis
The Roles of ROS1 and NTRK Fusions in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Chief Editor: Isabella Stedman
Publication Date: Jan 2023
Supervising Staff: Allison Coffin, PhD & Dale Fortin, PhD